The 2022 Structure of Earnings Survey reports that full-time employees’ mean hourly earnings increased to €12.23, with variations across gender, occupation, sector, and citizenship. The survey provides detailed data for policy and research.
The results of the 2022 Structure of Earnings Survey have been published. The survey indicates that the mean hourly earnings of full-time employees reached €12.23, representing a 13.4% increase compared to 2018, when earnings were €10.78. Previous years recorded €10.46 in 2014 and €11.32 in 2010.
Full-time male employees had a mean hourly earning of €12.84, while females earned €11.52, with a gender pay gap of 10.2%. Compared to 2018, earnings increased by 13.3% for males and 13.5% for females. The median hourly earnings were €8.98 overall, with €9.47 for males and €8.42 for females, showing a 9.8% increase since 2018.
Occupational categories with the highest earnings were “Managers” (€31.08 mean, €26.72 median) and “Professionals” (€17.71 mean, €14.61 median). The lowest earnings were in “Elementary occupations” (€7.07 mean, €6.35 median), “Service and sales workers” (€7.71 mean, €6.78 median), and “Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers” (€6.48 mean, €7.18 median).
By economic activity, “Education” had the highest mean earnings (€20.44) and median earnings (€20.35). The lowest earnings were in “Accommodation and Food Service Activities” (€7.68 mean, €6.70 median).
Regarding citizenship, 50% of full-time employees with Cypriot citizenship earned less than €9.65 per hour. Employees with EU citizenship earned less than €7.15, and those with non-EU citizenship earned less than €7.06. On average, Cypriot employees earned €12.66 per hour, non-EU €12.61, and EU €9.80. In the “Managers” category, non-EU employees earned €40.74, EU employees €34.58, and Cypriot employees €29.19 on average.
The survey was conducted in 2023, covering enterprises with at least one employee, excluding agriculture, fishing, private households, and extra-territorial organizations. Data collection involved interviews and used classifications such as NACE Rev.2 and ISCO-08. The survey aims to provide harmonized data for policy and research purposes across EU member states and candidate countries.
